PENERAPAN INTERVENSI PSIKOEDUKASI DAN KONSELING DALAM MENGHADAPI PUBERTAS PADA REMAJA AWAL: STUDI KASUS

Deskantari Murti Ari Sadewa, Elsi Dwi Hapsari, Wenny Artanty Nisman

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Perubahan fisik, sosial, dan psikologis saat pubertas berisiko menyebabkan kecemasan pada remaja awal terutama apabila tidak diikuti dengan masukan pengetahuan yang cukup. Tujuan penelitianstudi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi intervensi keperawatan mandiri yang sesuai untuk diterapkan pada remaja yang menghadapi pubertas. Keluhan utama pasien: Pendekatan studi kasus diterapkan untuk menangani masalah klien An. AR, 13 tahun, perempuan, dengan keluhan kecemasan ekstrem, kurang informasi, dismenoreadan gatal pada saat menggunakan pembalut. Intervensi yang dilakukan berupa tiga kali psikoedukasi dan dua kali konseling yang dilaksanakan selama lima minggu dengan media edukasi yang beragam berupa handout materi, video edukasi, selebaran, poster, dan bukletKegiatan dilaksanakan secara daring dengan durasi 30–60 menit setiap sesi. Hasil: Pengukuran variabel pengetahuan dan kecemasan sebagai evaluasi diukur sebelum dan setelah intervensi dengan menggunakan instrumen pengetahuan (rata-rata pre = 48, rata-rata post = 88) dan instrumen kecemasan General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) (pre = 19 [ekstrem], post = 11[sedang]). Skor dismenorea diukur dengan menggunakan skala VAS (pre = 7 [berat], post = 4[sedang]). Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil tindak lanjut intervensi keperawatan yang telah dilakukan pada klien, terdapat perkembangan yang baik sejalan dengan bukti ilmiah yang ada, yakni terjadi peningkatkan nilai skor pengetahuan, penurunan nilai skor kecemasan pada klien, penurunan skor dismenorea, dan penurunan keluhan gatal akibat penggunaan pembalut. Studi ini diharapkan dapat memberikan bukti empiris perihal intervensi keperawatan yang dapat digunakan untuk memfasilitasi remaja dalam mengurangi kecemasan akibat pubertas dan meningkatkan pengetahuan terkait dengan kesehatan reproduksi.

 

Kata Kunci: kecemasan, konseling, pengetahuan, psikoedukasi, pubertas

 

Application of Psychoeducation and Counseling Interventions in Dealing with Puberty in Early Adolescents: A Case Study

 

ABSTRACT

               Physical, social and psychological changes during puberty could cause anxiety in early adolescents, especially if they are not equipped with sufficient knowledge input. Objective: This case study is needed to explore independent nursing interventions that are suitable for application to adolescents. Patient’s main complaint: A case study approach was carried out toward client's problem. AR, female, 13 years old, with complaints of extreme anxiety, lack of information, dysmenorrhoea, and itching when using sanitary napkins. The intervention carried out was three times psychoeducation and two times counseling which was carried out for five weeks using various educational media in the form of power points, educational videos, leaflets, posters and booklets. Activities are carried out online with a duration of 3060 minutes per session. Results: Measurement of knowledge and anxiety variables as an evaluation was measured before and after the intervention using the knowledge instrument (average pre = 48, average post = 88) and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) anxiety instrument (pre = 19 [extreme], post = 11[medium]). Dysmenorrhoea score was measured using the VAS scale (pre = 7 [severe], post = 4 [moderate]). Conclusion: Based on the results of follow-up nursing interventions that have been carried out on client, it shows that there is good progress in line with existing scientific evidence, where there is an increase in knowledge scores, a decrease in anxiety scores in client, a decrease in dysmenorrhoea scores, and a decrease in complaints of itching due to the use of sanitary napkins. This study is expected to provide empirical evidence on nursing interventions that can be used to facilitate adolescents in reducing anxiety due to puberty and increasing knowledge related to reproductive health.

 

Keywords: anxiety, counseling, knowledge, psychoeducation, puberty


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32419/jppni.v9i2.583

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