PENGARUH HIPNOSIS LIMA JARI TERHADAP TINGKAT NYERI DAN KECEMASAN PADA PASIEN KANKER KOLOREKTAL: STUDI KASUS

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Literatur perawatan paliatif menunjukkan peningkatan besar dalam munculnya intervensi nonfarmakologis untuk menangani masalah fisik,psikologis, psikososial, dan spiritual pasien yang mengalami penyakit terminal. Salah satu intervensi non-farmakologis untuk mengontrol tingkat nyeri dan kecemasan pada pasien dengan penyakit terminal yaitu hipnosis lima jari. Tujuan penelitian: Mengevaluasi penurunan skala nyeri dan kecemasan setelah dilakukan intervensi hipnosis lima jari. Metode: Studi kasus ini menggunakan demonstrasi secara langsung dan teknik purposive sampling bertujuan untuk mengambil sampel berdasarkan seleksi khusus dengan kriteria inklusi pasien lansia yang mengalami kanker. Intervensi ini diberikan kepada Tn. A (63 tahun) dengan diagnosis medis kanker kolorektal.  Instrumen Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) dan Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) digunakan sebagai pre-test dan post-test setelah dilakukan hipnosis lima jari selama 10 - 15 menit setiap kali pertemuan selama 1 minggu. Hasil: Studi kasus ini menunjukkan bahwa pasien mengalami penurunan skala nyeri rata-rata 1 poin setelah dilakukan intervensi danpenurunan tingkat kecemasan sebanyak 6 poin setelah dilakukan intervensi selama 1 minggu. Diskusi: Hipnosis lima jari dapat memengaruhi sistem limbik dan saraf otonom, menciptakan suasana rileks, aman, dan menyenangkan sehingga merangsang pusat rasa ganjaran dan pelepasan substrat kimia Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA), enkephalin, dan β endorphin yang mengeliminasi neurotransmiter rasa nyeri. Kesimpulan: Perawat diharapkan dapat memberikan intervensi hipnosis lima jari kepada pasien kanker kolorektal untuk membantu mengurangi tingkat nyeri dan kecemasan

Kata Kunci: hipnosis lima jari, intervensi nonfarmakologis, kanker kolorektal, perawatan paliatif

Effect of Five-Finger Hypnosis on Pain and Anxiety Levels in Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Case Study

ABSTRACT

The literature on palliative care has exhibited a significant rise in the utilization of non-pharmacological interventions to address the physical, psychological, psychosocial, and spiritual challenges encountered by patients with terminal illnesses. Among these interventions, five-finger hypnosis has been employed as a non-pharmacological approach to manage pain and anxiety levels in patients with terminal diseases. Objective:  to assess the extent to which pain and anxiety scales were reduced after implementing the five-finger hypnosis intervention. Methods: This case study utilized direct demonstration and purposive sampling techniques to select suitable participants meeting the inclusion criteria, namely elderly patients with cancer. The intervention was administered to Mr. A, a 63-year-old individual diagnosed with colorectal cancer. The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were utilized as pre-test and post-test instruments, administered after each session of five-finger hypnosis lasting approximately 10-15 minutes, and implemented over a one-week period. Results: This case study indicated that the patient experienced an average reduction of 1 point on the pain scale and a decrease of 6 points in anxiety levels following the one-week intervention. Discussion:  The five-finger hypnosis can influence the limbic system and autonomic nerves, thereby fostering a state of relaxation, safety, and contentment. This, in turn, stimulates the reward center and triggers the release of various chemical substances, including Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA), enkephalin, and β-endorphin, which act to alleviate pain neurotransmitters. Conclusion: It is recommended that nurses consider incorporating five-finger hypnosis interventions as part of their care provision for patients with colorectal cancer, as it can contribute to reducing pain and anxiety levels experienced by these individuals.

Keywords: five-finger hypnosis, non-pharmacological interventions, colorectal cancer, palliative care