Factors Associated with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ARIs) in Toddlers: A Cross-Sectional Study

Lilis Yuliarsih; Maesaroh Maesaroh; Ricky Riyanto Iksan; Yanti Susanti

doi:10.32419/jppni.v11i2.856

Factors Associated with Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ARIs) in Toddlers: A Cross-Sectional Study

Lilis Yuliarsih, Maesaroh Maesaroh, Ricky Riyanto Iksan, Yanti Susanti

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to analyze factors associated with the incidence of Acute Respiratory Infection ARIs among under-five children in the working area of the Gunung Jati Community Health Center, Cirebon District, Indonesia.

Methods
A quantitative analytical study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among 130 under-five children selected using simple random sampling. The independent variables were nutritional status, immunization status, and household cigarette smoke exposure, while ARIs incidence was the dependent variable. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using Chi-square tests and binary logistic regression.

Results
Multivariate analysis Nutritional status (AOR = 0.123; p = 0.001), immunization status (AOR = 0.058; p = 0.005), and household cigarette smoke exposure (AOR = 0.015; p < 0.001) were significantly associated with ARI. Household cigarette smoke exposure was the strongest factor associated with ARIs. incidence among under-five children.

Discussion
Nutritional status, immunization status, and household cigarette smoke exposure were significant factors associated with ARIs. Adequate nutrition and complete immunization reduced ARIs. risk, while cigarette smoke exposure increased it. Strengthening nutrition, immunization, and smoke-free home practices may help prevent ARIs in children.

Conclusion
Improving nutritional status, increasing immunization coverage, and promoting smoke-free home environments may contribute to reducing ARI incidence in this population.

Keywords

Acute respiratory infections, immunization, nutrition, smoking behavior, toddlers

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References

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32419/jppni.v11i2.856