TINGKAT KECEMASAN, PERILAKU SELF-HARM, DAN MEKANISME KOPING MAHASISWA YANG MENJALANI OBJECTIVE STRUCTURED CLINICAL EXAMINATION (OSCE)

Kezia Arihta Sembiring, Mustikasari Mustikasari

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Ujian objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) merupakan ujian yang dapat menyebabkan kecemasan bagi mahasiswa kesehatan. Individu berupaya dalam menangani stressor dan salah satu bentuk maladaptifnya adalah perilaku self-harm yang merupakan upaya menyakiti diri sendiri. Penanganan stressor dapat adaptif bila menggunakan mekanisme koping yang cocok dengan individu. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kecemasan, perilaku self-harm, dan mekanisme koping mahasiswa yang menjalani objective structured clinical examination. Metode: Desain penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian 107 responden (52 responden angkatan 2019 dan 55 responden angkatan 2020), dengan teknik proportional sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan ialah Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Self-Harm Inventory, dan Brief COPE Scale; analisis data dengan univariat. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kecemasan ringan (51%), perilaku self-harm rendah (79%), dan mekanisme koping sedang (67%) dengan jenis problem-focused paling banyak digunakan (72%). Diskusi: OSCE merupakan hal yang masih membuat mahasiswa merasa cemas, bahwa masih ditemukan self-harm tinggi yang ditandai dengan tindakan mencederai diri. Untuk itu, cara penyelesaian yang digunakan ialah mekanisme koping problem-focused. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini merekomendasikan perlunya promosi kesehatan dalam bentuk edukasi kesehatan dan konseling untuk mahasiswa mengenai tingkat kecemasan, perilaku self-harm, dan mekanisme koping.

Kata kunci: mahasiswa, mekanisme koping, objective structured clinical examination, self-harm, tingkat kecemasan

 

Anxiety Levels, Self-Harm Behavior, and Coping Mechanisms among Students Undergoing Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)

 

ABSTRACT

Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) is an assessment that can induce anxiety among health science students. Individuals endeavor to manage stressors, and one maladaptive form is self-harm behavior, an attempt to harm oneself. Handling stressors can be adaptive when utilizing coping mechanisms suitable for the individual. Objective: This research aims to identify anxiety levels, self-harm behavior, and coping mechanisms among students undergoing Objective Structured Clinical Examination. Methods: This research employed a quantitative descriptive research design. Taken using a proportional sampling technique, the research sample comprised 107 respondents (52 from the 2019 batch and 55 from the 2020 batch). It used instruments consisting of the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale, Self-Harm Inventory, and Brief COPE Scale, while data were analyzed through univariate analysis. Results: Findings revealed mild anxiety level (51%), low self-harm behavior (79%), and moderate coping mechanisms (67%), while problem-focused coping was the most frequently used method (72%). Discussion: OSCE remains a significant stressor for students, as evidenced by high levels of self-harm behavior indicated by self-injurious actions. Therefore, problem-focused coping mechanisms are predominantly employed for resolution. Conclusion: This research recommends the necessity of health promotion through health education and counseling for students regarding anxiety levels, self-harm behavior, and coping mechanisms.

Keywords: students, coping mechanisms, objective structured clinical examination, self-harm, anxiety level


References


Agustin, D., Fatria, R. Q., & Febrayosi, P. (2019). Analisis Butir Self-Harm Inventory. Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, Dan Seni, 3(2): 396-402. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmishumsen.v3i2.3880.

Awalinni, A., & Harsono, Y. T. (2023). Hubungan Antara Kesepian Dan Perilaku Non-suicidal Self-injury Pada Mahasiswa Psikologi di Kota Malang The Correlation Between Loneliness and Non-suicidal Self-Injury Behavior in Psychology Students at Malang City. Jurnal Psikologi Teori Dan Terapan Tahun, 14(1): 43–59.

Ayaz-Alkaya, S., & Simones, J. (2022). Nursing education stress and coping behaviors in Turkish and the United States nursing students: A descriptive study. Nurse Education in Practice, 59(2): 103292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nepr.2022.103292.

Daniel, M., Rencic, J., Durning, S. J., Holmboe, E., Santen, S. A., Lang, V., Ratcliffe, T., Gordon, D., Heist, B., Lubarsky, S., Estrada, C. A., Ballard, T., Jr, A. R. A., Sergio, A., Silva, D., Cleary, T., Stojan, J., & Gruppen, L. D. (2019). Clinical Reasoning Assessment Methods : A Scoping Review and Practical Guidance. 94(6): 902–912. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACM.0000000000002618.

Ferreira, É. D. M. R., Pinto, R. Z., Arantes, P. M. M. H., Vieira, É. L. M., Teixeira, A. L., Ferreira, F. R., & Vaz, D. V. (2020). Stress, anxiety, self-efficacy, and the meanings that physical therapy students attribute to their experience with an objective structured clinical examination. BMC Medical Education, 20(1): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-020-02202-5.

García, F. E., Barraza-peña, C. G., Wlodarczyk, A., Alvear-carrasco, M., & Reyes-reyes, A. (2018). Psychometric properties of the Brief-COPE for the evaluation of coping strategies in the Chilean population. Psicol Reflex Crit, 31(1): 22.

Giuliano, V. E. (1967). Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A). Communications of the ACM, 10(6): 342. https://doi.org/10.1145/363332.36333.

Harjanto, T., Pratiwi, W. B., Puspasuci, S., & Hapsari, L. E. (2018). National Nurse Competence Examination: Anxiety, Perception and Coping Strategy Among Nursing Students. Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman, 13(1): 32–37.

Hulukati, W., & Djibran, M. R. (2018). Analisis Tugas Perkembangan Mahasiswa Fakultas Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Negeri Gorontalo. Bikotetik (Bimbingan Dan Konseling Teori Dan Praktik), 2(1): 73-80. https://doi.org/10.26740/bikotetik.v2n1.p73-80.

Khasanah, M. L., Wuryanto, E., & Hidayati, T. (2014). Analisis Mekanisme Koping Mahasiswa Semester I Menghadapi Ujian OSCA (Objective Structured Clinical Assessment) di Akademi Keperawatan Muhammadiyah Kendal. Prosiding Konferensi Nasional II PPNI Jawa Tengah, hal 280–284.

Kollárik, M., Heinzel, C. V., Miché, M., Lieb, R., & Wahl, K. (2022). Exam-related unwanted intrusive thoughts and related neutralizing behaviors: Analogues to obsessions and compulsions. PLoS ONE, 17(7): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0270692.

Kong, L., Gao, Z., Xu, N., Shao, S., Ma, H., He, Q., Zhang, D., Xu, H., & Qu, H. (2021). The relation between self-stigma and loneliness in visually impaired college students: Self-acceptance as mediator. Disability and Health Journal, 14(2): 101054. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2020.101054.

Kusumadewi, A. F., Yoga, B. H., Sumarni, S., & Ismanto, S. H. (2020). Self-Harm Inventory (SHI) Versi Indonesia Sebagai Instrumen Deteksi Dini Perilaku Self-Harm. Jurnal Psikiatri Surabaya, 8(1): 20-25. https://doi.org/10.20473/jps.v8i1.1500.

Lau, D. K., Agustina, V., Setiawan, H. (2019). Gambaran tingkat ansietas dan mekanisme koping pada mahasiswa keperawatan dalam menghadapi ujian praktek laboratorium. Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa, 7(2): 215–226..

Martin, R. D., & Naziruddin, Z. (2020). Systematic review of student anxiety and performance during objective structured clinical examinations. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 12(12): 1491–1497. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2020.07.007.

Mustofa, F. L., Oktobiannobel, J., & Sulesa. (2020). Gambaran kecemasan dalam menghadapi ujian osce ukmppd pada mahasiswa. Jurnal Medika Malahayati, 4(2): 137–145.

Müller, S., Koch, I., Settmacher, U., & Dahmen, U. (2019). How the introduction of OSCEs has affected the time students spend studying: Results of a nationwide study. BMC Medical Education, 19(1): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-019-1570-6.

Novitasari, A., & Lahdji, A. (2019). Hubungan Tingkat Kecemasan dan Nilai Objective Structure Clinical Examination (OSCE) Blok Mahasiswa Kedokteran. Syifa’ MEDIKA: Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan, 9(2): 51-57. https://doi.org/10.32502/sm.v9i2.1657.

NurCita, B., & Susantiningsih, T. (2020). Dampak Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Dan Physical Distancing Pada Tingkat Kecemasan Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jakarta. Journal of Borneo Holistic Health, 3(1): 58–68.

Nurhayati, Andari, F. N., & Fredrika, L. (2021). Identifying the Presence of Anxiety in Heart Failure Patients. Journal of Nursing Practice, 4(2): 204–211. https://doi.org/10.30994/jnp.v4i2.122.

Potter, P., Perry, A. G., Stockert, P., Hall, A., & Ostendorf, W. (2017). Fundamentals of Nursing. In Key to Success Staff Nurses Recruitment Exam (9th ed.). St. Louis: Elsevier Health Sciences. https://doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12954_32.

Pratiwi, I. (2016). Hubungan Coping Strategy dan Self-Efficacy dengan Kecemasan pada Karyawan Usia Produktif di Bandung [Undergraduate thesis]. Departemen Psikologi, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia. http://repository.upi.edu/id/eprint/264.

Rachmawati, V., & Mustikasari, M. (2020). Tingkat Kecemasan dan Stres pada Mahasiswa yang Mengikuti Objective structure clinical examination (OSCE). Jurnal Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (JPPNI), 3(3): 157-164.

Ramdan, I. M. (2019). Reliability and Validity Test of the Indonesian Version of the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) to Measure Work-related Stress in Nursing. Jurnal Ners, 14(1): 33-40. https://doi.org/10.20473/jn.v13i2.1067.

Risky, D. E. A. (2019). Hubungan Strategi Koping Dengan Kecemasan Pada Ibu Hamil Preeklamsia Di Rumah Sakit Ibu Dan Anak Srikandi Ibi Jember. Repository Universitas Jember, 1(3): 1–56.

Sansone, R. A., & Sansone, L. A. (2010). Measuring self-harm behavior with the self-harm inventory. Psychiatry (Edgmont (Pa. : Township)), 7(4): 16–20. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20508804.

Sari, D. P., Nugroho, H., & Iskandar, A. (2021). Gambaran Tingkat Kecemasan Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Mulawarman Sebelum Menghadapi OSCE. Jurnal Sains dan Kesehatan, 3(4): 482–488. https://doi.org/10.25026/jsk.v3i4.348.

Shipherd, J. C., & Fordiani, J. M. (2015). The Application of Mindfulness in Coping With Intrusive Thoughts. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 22(4): 439–446. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2014.06.001.

Simbolon, P., & Simbolon, N. (2021). Mekanisme Koping Dan Tingkat Kecemasan Mahasiswa Dalam Menghadapi Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). Seminar Nasional Teknologi Terapan (SEMITERA), 1(1): 42–47.

So, C., & Fiori, K. (2022). Attachment anxiety and loneliness during the first-year of college: Self-esteem and social support as mediators. Personality and Individual Differences, 187: 111405. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.111405.

Stuart, G. W. (2013). Principles and Practice of Psychiatric Nursing. Eight edition. St. Louis: Mosby Year Book.

Sumoked, A., Wowiling, F., & Rompas, S. (2019). Hubungan Mekanisme Koping Dengan Kecemasan Pada Mahasiswa Semester III Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan Fakultas Kedokteran yang Akan Mengikuti Praktek Klinik Keperawatan. Jurnal Keperawatan, 7(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.35790/jkp.v7i1.22897

Suyanto, S., & Isrovianingrum, R. (2018). Kecemasan Mahasiswa Perawat Sebelum Mengikuti Ujian Ketrampilan Di Laboratorium. Journal of Health Sciences, 11(2): 97–103. https://doi.org/10.33086/jhs.v11i2.101

Taliaferro, L. A., Heerde, J. A., Bailey, J. A., Toumbourou, J. W., & McMorris, B. J. (2023). Adolescent Predictors of Deliberate Self-Harm Thoughts and Behavior Among Young Adults: A Longitudinal Cross-National Study. Journal of Adolescent Health, 73(1): 61-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.01.022.

Townsend, M. C. (2014). Essentials of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: Concept of Care in Evidence-Based Practice. 5th edition. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company.

Varcarolis, E. M. (2017). Essentials of Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing: A Communication Approach to Evidence Based Care. St. Louis: American Elsevier Publishing.

Verenisa, A., Suryani, & Sriati, A. (2021). Gambaran Self-Injury Mahasiswa. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa, 4(1): 43–56.

Videbeck, S. L. (2020). Psychiatric And Mental Health Nursing. Eighth Edition. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer.

Wu, D., Rockett, I. R. H., Yang, T., Feng, X., Jiang, S., & Yu, L. (2016). Deliberate self-harm among Chinese medical students: A population-based study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 202: 137–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.05.030.

Yuhelrida, Andriani, P., & Sofya, P. A. (2016). Tingkat Kecemasan dalam Menghadapi OSCE FKG Unisyah. Caninus, Journal Volume, Denstistry, 1: 26–31. http://www.jim.unsyiah.ac.id/JCD/article/view/1659.

Zhao, F. F. (2022). The association of loneliness, mindfulness, and optimism with self-directed learning among nursing students in China: A cross-sectional study. Journal of Professional Nursing, 38: 65–73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.profnurs.2021.11.009




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32419/jppni.v8i3.523

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 750 times
PDF (Bahasa Indonesia) - 383 times

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


 

Creative Commons License
Jurnal PPNI (P-ISSN: 2503-1376 ; E-ISSN: 2549-8576)