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ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN KADER KESEHATAN DALAM MENGATASI PENYAKIT TIDAK MENULAR SAAT PANDEMI COVID-19 DI BANTEN

Tuti Nuraini, Nani Asna Dewi, Retno Lestari, Ice Yulia Wardani, Poppy Fitriani, Shanti Farida Rachmi

Abstract


Penyakit tidak menular (PTM) merupakan komorbid yang akan memperberat kondisi kesehatan seseorang saat terserang COVID-19. Kader kesehatan berperan penting dalam meminimalkan dampak tersebut namun masih sedikit informasi yang tersedia mengenai kebutuhan kader untuk dapat mengoptimalkan peran tersebut.  Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kebutuhan kader untuk membantu masyarakat dengan PTM di wilayah Banten saat pandemi COVID-19 di daerah yang berpotensi bencana. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan melakukan Focus Group Discussions (FGD) pada 43 orang kader dari dua desa. Pengumpulan data dilakukan masing-masing tiga kali, sepanjang bulan November 2019 dan 2020, di dua desa.  Data dianalisis dengan metode konten analisis. Hasil: Didapatkan 3 tema kebutuhan kader, yaitu: (1) Kader butuh dukungan dari keluarga, tokoh masyarakat, dan tenaga kesehatan; (2) Masyarakat kurang sadar kesehatan; (3) Masyarakat lebih percaya pengobatan tradisional dan belum memiliki Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Sosial (BPJS). Diskusi: Kader adalah orang pilihan yang bersedia membantu tetangganya tanpa pamrih. Namun, tidak mudah agar dapat dipercaya masyarakat. Pembekalan kader dengan ilmu keperawatan diperlukan untuk peningkatan kesehatan masyarakat. Kesimpulan: Kader perlu dukungan berbagai pihak agar dapat melakukan perannya dengan baik. Pengetahuan dari mulai deteksi dini sampai penanganan dengan pendekatan budaya merupakan bekal yang penting untuk kader dalam mengatasi PTM di masa pandemi COVID-19. Hal ini merupakan salah satu strategi untuk mencegah risiko terjadinya dan akibat dari PTM dan terpapar COVID-19. Keterlibatan tokoh masyarakat, persepsi positif dan pengetahuan tentang PTM dan pandemi COVID-19 menjadi penentu keberhasilan program pemerintah dalam pengendalian PTM di masa Pandemi ini.

Kata kunci: bencana, COVID-19, kader kesehatan, pengetahuan, penyakit tidak menular.

Analysis of the Need for Health Cadres in Overcoming Non-Communicable Diseases During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Banten

 

ABSTRACT

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are comorbidities that will worsen a person's health condition when they are attacked by the COVID-19. Health cadres play an important role in minimizing such impact, but little information is available regarding the needs of cadres to optimize this role. Objective: This research aims to identify the needs of cadres to assist communities with NCDs in Banten region during the COVID-19 pandemic in areas with potential disasters. Methods: The research is qualitative by conducting Focus Group Discussions (FGD) on 43 cadres from two villages. Data were collected three times each, in November 2019 and November 2020, in two villages. Data were analyzed by using content analysis method. Results: There were 3 themes of cadre needs, namely: (1) Cadres need support from families, community leaders, and health workers; (2) People were less aware of health; (3) People believed more in traditional medicine and did not have health insurance from the Social Security Administering Agency (BPJS). Discussion: Cadres were chosen people who are willing to help their neighbors selflessly. However, it is not easy to be trusted by the community. It is necessary to provide cadres with nursing knowledge to improve public health. Conclusion: Cadres need support from various parties to play their roles well. Knowledge from early detection to handling with a cultural approach is important in overcoming NCDs during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is one of the strategies to prevent the risk of incidence and consequences of NCDs and exposure to COVID-19. The involvement of community leaders, positive perceptions and knowledge about NCDs and the COVID-19 pandemic are the determinants of the success of government programs in controlling NCDs during this Pandemic.

Keywords: disaster, COVID-19, health cadres, knowledge, non-communicable diseases.  


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.32419/jppni.v6i1.255

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